Antimony-modified carbon paste electrodes: initial studies and prospects

Abstract

Initial studies with antimony-modified carbon paste electrodes are presented focused on their performance in anodic stripping voltammetry. The investigations performed have comprised the first experiments with antimony film-plated and antimony powder-dispersed carbon paste electrodes (SbF-CPE and Sb-CPE, respectively), as well as the corresponding bismuth-based electrodes in selected measurements carried out in parallel. The respective experiments have dealt with the characterisation of electrochemical behaviour of antimony, the effect of pH, and the electrode substrate used. When using diluted solutions of HCl as the supporting electrolyte of choice together with Pb2+ + Cd2+ as model ions, the basic electroanalytical performance of both SbF-CPE in the square-wave anodic stripping voltammetric mode is outlined and some specifics found discussed with respect to possible applications in practical analysis.