Abstrakt:
Components and structures in mechanical and civil engineering are made
of various materials, and design engineers must have a good knowledge of their
mechanical properties. This book deals with this area. The first chapter summarises
the principal terms: stress, strain, and strain energy. The second chapter compares
the finite element method and analytical methods for the determination of stresses
and deformations. Chapter 3 presents the principal criteria for fracture and for
the onset of permanent deformations. The following chapter is devoted to plastic
deforming. Attention is also paid to thermal stresses. Chapter 6 deals with stress
concentration at sudden changes of shape. Chapters on fatigue, fracture mechanics
and analysis of fractures follow. Chapter 10 explains the mechanics of viscoelastic
materials, whose deformations depend on the duration and time course of loading.
The following chapters are devoted to components with treated or coated surfaces,
to the properties of composite materials and of elastomeric materials. The methods
of shape optimisation for improvement of strength and material economy are
the topic of Chapter 14. The last chapter is devoted to the theory of similarity
and dimensional analysis and their use for increasing the design effectiveness.
The book contains numerous figures and examples, which illustrate the use of the
described methods.