Analysis of Labor Migration in the European Union by Education

Abstract

Migration is a fundamental indicator of the efficient functioning of the labor market. It is expected that in the future it will represent a key source of labor supply. Most developed countries will solve the consequences of population decline and immigrants will fill gaps in the labor markets. The attention of countries will need to focus not only on the quantitative aspects of migration, but also on the qualitative aspects. The character of the impact of migration on the labor market depends primarily on workers' qualifications and labor market conditions. The migration of skilled workers brings mainly positive externalities for destination country; migration of low-skilled workers may represent a significant threat for the labor market. The article will analyze the structure of migration flow according to education and qualification of migrants in the countries of the European Union. This article aims to identify countries that are struggling with the departure of more skilled workers, "brain drain phenomenon," and countries that have potential and that are attractive for skilled migrants.