2015/35 Scientific papers, Series D
Permanentní URI k tomuto záznamuhttps://hdl.handle.net/10195/64673
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Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Social entrepreneurship in the Czech Republic: Current trends in research on hybridity(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Vaceková, Gabriela; Soukopová, Jana; Křenková, TerezaThe hybridity phenomenon has received increasing attention in the scientific literature worldwide. However, this is largely western literature, which is not perfectly suited to the transitional context of Central and Eastern Europe, respecting its specific features. The lack of relevant research on hybridity in the post-communist countries shows a considerable research gap that strongly indicates the need for deeper insight. The paper contributes to the conversation by rethinking hybridity in the context of transitional economies. The typical hybrid organizations, combining a market orientation with a social mission, are social enterprises. The discourse on social enterprise is quite different across countries, including across (post-) transitional economies. The Czech Republic is a CEE country still lacking legislative regulation on social entrepreneurship. The paper provides a comprehensive picture of the driving forces, challenges, and opportunities for social entrepreneurship in the specific historical, socio-economic, legislative, and political conditions of the Czech Republic. The main results presented in the paper show key historical events explicitly influencing social entrepreneurship and its current state based on up-to-date data, enabling the assessment of current trends in research on hybridity in the Czech Republic.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Fiscal decentralisation in Lithuania in the context of EU countries(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Tamošiūnas, Teodoras; Stanytė, ValdaThe paper analyses the key theoretical and legal aspects of the concept of fiscal decentralisation; on the basis of statistical and legal documents it examines the situation of fiscal decentralisation in Lithuania and compares the key indicators of this situation with corresponding indicators of other European Union states. The present research ascribes EU states to five levels of fiscal decentralisation according to 3 features: local taxes, expenses, and subsidies. Fiscal decentralisation is geared towards increasing financial independence and responsibility of the local self-government. However, it can have such negative consequences as corruption, greater social fragmentation and influence of various interest groups. The level of fiscal decentralisation in the state is indicated by the percentage of municipal expenses of the GDP and percentage of the total expenses of the public sector. The present research has demonstrated that fiscal decentralisation indicators are highest in the old-timer EU states (Sweden, Finland, Germany, France), which have strong local self-government and long-time democratic traditions. Lithuania can be ascribed to the countries with medium fiscal decentralisation.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Labour market modelling in the Czech Republic(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Stoklasová, RadmilaThe article deals with labour market modelling in the Czech Republic using regression model. The regression equation shows the behaviour of the unsatisfied labour supply determined by education and age structure of the unemployed, registered length of unemployment, available jobs average wage. In the second part of article is used prediction by Box-Jenkinson methodology. On the basis of the verified model a prediction for the first quarter year of 2015 is worked out and its success assessed. Population ageing will considerably influence economic and social structure of the population. The labour market will change completely. The future development of labour market will face a challenge of reduction of the negative initial demographic conditions. The main problem of the labour market in the Czech Republic is the exclusion of all groups of population due to the lack of flexible jobs, mainly part-time jobs (for example students, mothers with children and elderly people).Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Competition and municipal waste management expenditure: Evidence from the Czech Republic Olomouc Region(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Soukupová, Jana; Vaceková, GabrielaToday, the increasing importance of waste management and the question of its efficiency is a broadly discussed topic, both on the theoretical and practical level. The present paper provides the results of a comprehensive analysis of the competitiveness of the environment with regard to waste management in the Czech Republic, Olomouc Region, while focusing on its effects on municipal waste management expenditure. The main goal of the paper is to examine and evaluate the impact of the competitiveness of the environment on cost-effectiveness of municipal waste management expenditure by using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and a competition index of our own design. We compare expenditure per capita for several municipality size groups. Moreover, the data have also been analysed separately for the each of the five districts of the Olomouc Region in order to identify whether there are any significant differences among the districts within the region. The analysed period covers 5 years - from 2010 to 2014 - and the sample consists of all 399 municipalities of the Olomouc Region. The HHI results confirm that the competitive environment has a significant impact on municipal expenditure, but our competition index results show impact of competition as ambiguous.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Hodnocení dopadů využívání dotací z regionálních operačních programů(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Sobotková, LucieThe paper deals with the estimation of impacts on regional economy. These impacts are linked with providing the subsidies from funds of the European Union especially by means of regional operational programmes within the region of NUTS II Severovýchod in the Czech Republic. From the point of view of a limited scale are impacts evaluated only in the field of tourism. The method of evaluation of mentioned impacts is based on the approach of differences in differences. This method consists in appreciation of trend component of the relevant indicators in the selected subject area. By means of this method it was found whether regional economy meets its goal, brings so called social impacts and supports the development and cohesion of particular regions. The analysis showed significant impacts especially in the areas of soft projects that were associated with the promotion of tourism in particular regions.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Význam úrokových sazeb v soudobých podmínkách krizového řízení světové ekonomiky(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Rejnuš, OldřichThe paper deals with contemporary economic importance of interest rates, with special focus on methods of using as a tool of monetary regulation when solving actual problems of world economy. Firstly, results and impacts, achieved by expedient decreasing of interest rates are analyzed and mechanisms activating this method of use of this tool of monetary regulation are described. Secondly, theoretical aspects of these issues, namely the differences of actual macroeconomic policy of governments and central banks and commonly valid theoretical principles are dealt with. In conclusion, these results are synthesized and, based on final results, future development of world economy is predicted, including risk factors that will probably be influencing it forever and that will finally result in collapse with disastrous impact on the future of mankind.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup A comparison of the stock exchanges of the central and Eastern Europe stock Exchange Group(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Novotný, Josef; Sejkora, František; Hrneček, MichalThis article deals with an evaluation of the stock exchanges of the Central and Eastern Europe Stock Exchange Group (CEESEG), which comprises four stock exchanges. The individual stock exchanges of the CEESEG are characterized using the main stock indicators and we also compare their development and achievements. The stock exchanges are evaluated in terms of their market capitalization, liquidity and volatility. Correlation coefficients are used to express the dependence of the indices of the monitored stock exchanges with the Dow Jones Euro Stoxx 50, which is an important indicator of the European capital market. The obtained results complement the knowledge of this interesting segment of the European capital market and can be used by both retail and institutional investors.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Intervention into the development of currency exchange rates and prosperity of economy(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Kraft, JiříThe stagnation in economic growth is a problem of developed market economies. Its cause may be a lack of demand caused by the phenomenon of deflation. In addressing these issues monetary policy instruments are offered to use. The prosperity of a small open economy, however, in today's globalizing world, is strongly influenced by the development of relevant foreign economies. Reducing the exchange rate of the national currency may lead to an increase in the price level, and thus solve the problem. Such a step was taken CNB (Czech National Bank) in November 2013. The aim of this article is to assess whether the CNB intervention to the detriment of the exchange rate of the CZK has contributed to increasing prosperity of the Czech economy. The evolution of the exchange rate CZK/EUR is being analysed on the one hand, and on the other the developments in the GDP, exports and imports, and their relationships, using the sensitivity rate, regression analysis and comparison of standardized values within 20 quarterly periods in 2010-2014. The results show that after CNB intervention, there has been a noticeable growth in GDP, while exports grew with a higher dynamics than imports.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Aplikace metody dematel v integrovaném rámci správy společností(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Klozíková, Jana; Dočkalíková, IvetaCorporate governance was created in recent decades and we can say that it is a new field of science. The most famous companies failed from day to day. Their failure and scandals had significant impact on local and international community. Finding of a new effective framework of level of corporate governance can help that the similar negative events wouldn't be repeated never again. The new approach in the corporate governance - an integrated framework, created for corporate governance is one of the ways to improve this area. This article responds to this reality presenting the fact, that not only the approach mentioned above, but it also eliminates shortages of this approach, which were criticized for integrated framework of corporate governance. The present period offers a variety of methods leading to accuracy and improvement of current approaches, but an area of corporate governance is mainly established on qualitative criteria, rather than on quantitative criteria. Corporate governance is a new field of science. Due to this fact it offers the question of the utilization of new techniques and knowledge that lead to the improvement of the level of corporate governance. The method of multi-criteria decision-making method DEMATEL allows removal of the weaknesses of an integrated framework of corporate governance, which can be taken into account in the context of a causal connection, which exists between the different tools of integrated framework.Článekpeer-reviewedpublished Otevřený přístup Age management v Českém podniku(Univerzita Pardubice, 2015) Chládková, Petra; Brodský, Zdeněk; Pakosta, Jaroslav; Pakosta, JaroslavThere are no doubts that aging of European population means a fundamental transformation of the age structure of people on the labour market. This poses a threat not only to the competitiveness of enterprises. As an ideal and effective tool to solve this situation which seems to be Age management, the management style taking age, abilities and potential of employees into consideration. The article deals with Age management as an important managing tool of age diversity. The main aim is to highlight the advantages and benefits of Age management and demonstrate, that the creation of easily implemented tools of Age management, can lead to increasing workability of older individuals from small and medium-sized Czech companies. For this purpose the study of small Czech enterprise was carried out. The study was focused on finding the major problems of human resource management in mentioned company. The article shows the possible solution through the Age management practice.