2019/47 Scientific papers, Series D
https://hdl.handle.net/10195/74586
2024-03-28T10:46:58ZDoes extreme poverty occur in EU countries?
https://hdl.handle.net/10195/74597
Does extreme poverty occur in EU countries?
Antošová, Irena
Poverty as a result of income inequality is a concern for governments in all
countries, including the European Union. The question is how serious the poverty is and
in which households it occurs. This paper offers the identification of households at risk of
extreme poverty based on the construction of the Extreme Poverty Index. This Index
combines three dimensions of poverty, reflecting trends in measuring multidimensional
poverty. The first component of the index is income poverty, the second is material
deprivation of households, which complements the index by a non-income perspective and
reflects the real living conditions of households. The third component of the index is the
low work intensity of the household. Segments of households at risk of extreme poverty
are identified in a cluster analysis using primary data from EU-SILC survey. These
identified households should be the target groups of the social policy activities in order
to make social policy and assistance to endangered households as effective as possible.
The paper provides a comparison of extreme poverty in households in the Czech Republic,
Germany, Poland and Slovakia. The most vulnerable segment in all countries is an
unemployed pre-retirement consumer living alone, but also other household groups.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZEtika a integrita veřejné správy České republiky
https://hdl.handle.net/10195/74596
Etika a integrita veřejné správy České republiky
Bohatá, Marie
The aim of the article is threefold: to open an academic debate in the area of
public ethics and integrity in the Czech Republic, to briefly explain an effective
framework inspired by the OECD work on public governance, anti-corruption
initiatives and the most recent integrity strategy which underpins the governance of
globalisation, and to present main features of the current situation in the Czech public
administration from the ethics perspective.
Public integrity aligning shared values, principles and ethical norms for upholding the
public interest over private interests in the public sector is considered essential to the
economic and social well-being of individuals and societies. The current situation in the
Czech public administration is illustrated using results of an empirical research
conducted within a research project aiming at developing a comprehensive training
programme on ethics and integrity for civil servants and officials of self-administration.
A survey among the civil servants and employees of self-administration is at the core of
this research. Findings are interpreted in the context of the OECD integrity system and
represent a basis for the design of tailor-made ethics courses and training tools.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZNew fuzzy multiple criteria evaluation method as a support for investment decision making under uncertainty
https://hdl.handle.net/10195/74595
New fuzzy multiple criteria evaluation method as a support for investment decision making under uncertainty
Borovička, Adam
This article is motivated by real investment decision making for which
uncertainty is so typical. The uncertainty can be represented by an unstable development
of some characteristics of the investment instruments, or vague investor’s preferences.
Moreover, the investment decision is usually made based on several criteria. To
evaluate the investment instruments in a satisfactory manner, or namely to select
suitable investment instrument(s), all mentioned aspects should be considered. For this
purpose, a complex support tool is proposed in this paper. This fuzzy multiple criteria
evaluation method uses triangular fuzzy numbers to express the element of uncertainty.
It accepts a linguistically expressed importance of criteria which is very comfortable for
a decision maker (investor). Linguistic terms are also transformed to the triangular
fuzzy numbers based on the specified fuzzy scale. Using the concept of fuzzy sets (fuzzy
numbers) provides a necessary quantification of the elements of uncertainty. The
proposed method can select ‘the best’ alternative (i.e. investment instrument), to make
a full ranking as well. All benefits of this fuzzy evaluation approach are illustratively
demonstrated on a selected real investment decision making problem on the capital
market with open unit trusts that are increasing in popularity within the Czech Republic.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZMá měnový agregát M3 vliv na inflaci? Případová studie České republiky, Švýcarska a Izraele
https://hdl.handle.net/10195/74594
Má měnový agregát M3 vliv na inflaci? Případová studie České republiky, Švýcarska a Izraele
Černohorská, Liběna; Maléř, Petr
The aim of the paper is to analyse the influence of monetary aggregate M3
on inflation in the Czech Republic, Switzerland and Israel between the years 2000 and
2017. The central banks in selected countries have not been able to fulfill their stated
goal of achieving price stability. During the period under review, the selected central
banks chose foreign exchange intervention as an instrument of unconventional
monetary policy to achieve the set inflation target. The analysis of monetary policy in
the selected countries will be determined by the long-term relationships between the
M3 monetary aggregate and the inflation. Selected indicators were analyzed on
quarterly data in the Czech Republic, Switzerland and Israel using the Engle -
Granger cointegration test. We have found, based on the tests performed, that
monetary policy in the monitored countries was not quite effective in the years 2000-
2017 because we did not confirm in our empirical analyzes the long-term relationship
between the monetary aggregate M3 in relation to inflation.
2019-01-01T00:00:00Z